{"id":3301,"date":"2023-02-28T08:33:42","date_gmt":"2023-02-28T06:33:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/?p=3301"},"modified":"2023-02-28T08:33:42","modified_gmt":"2023-02-28T06:33:42","slug":"senzor-ax-cu-came-camshaft","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/2023\/02\/28\/capteur-darbre-a-cames\/","title":{"rendered":"CAMSHAFT capteur d'arbre \u00e0 cames"},"content":{"rendered":"

Capteurs de position d'arbre \u00e0 cames - CAMSHAFT<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Toutes les voitures modernes sont \u00e9quip\u00e9es d'un capteur de position d'arbre \u00e0 cames. Ce capteur est un \u00e9l\u00e9ment essentiel de toute voiture, car il assure le bon fonctionnement du moteur. Lorsque vous regardez sous le capot de votre voiture, vous pouvez avoir du mal \u00e0 trouver le capteur. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, chaque constructeur automobile a son propre emplacement pour placer le capteur \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 du moteur. Il peut se trouver derri\u00e8re le silencieux, dans la vall\u00e9e de levage du v\u00e9hicule ou \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 du bloc moteur.<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Qu'est-ce qu'un capteur de position d'arbre \u00e0 cames ?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Le capteur de position d'arbre \u00e0 cames suit la rotation de l'arbre \u00e0 cames, en se concentrant sur l'ouverture et la fermeture des soupapes. La plupart des capteurs d'arbre \u00e0 cames sont situ\u00e9s juste au-dessus de la bague crant\u00e9e de l'arbre \u00e0 cames. La plupart de ces capteurs utilisent un aimant pour g\u00e9n\u00e9rer ou modifier un signal \u00e9lectrique \u00e0 courant alternatif, qui sera utilis\u00e9 en conjonction avec un capteur de position du vilebrequin pour d\u00e9terminer quand une position approche du point mort haut (PMH) sur la course de compression. Ces donn\u00e9es permettent d'affiner le calage de l'\u00e9tincelle et l'impulsion de l'injecteur. Il est \u00e9galement appel\u00e9 capteur d'identification de cylindre ou d\u00e9tecteur de phase.<\/p>\n

Le calculateur d'un syst\u00e8me d'injection s\u00e9quentielle de carburant doit d\u00e9cider quel cylindre doit \u00eatre allum\u00e9. Le capteur d'identification des cylindres fournit cette information. Lorsque le premier cylindre est au point mort haut pendant la rotation du moteur, le capteur envoie un signal au contr\u00f4leur embarqu\u00e9 (PMH).<\/p>\n

Fonctions du capteur de position de l'arbre \u00e0 cames (CAM) :<\/strong><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

    \n
  • Pour d\u00e9terminer quel cylindre est en phase d'acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration, l'ordinateur de la machine utilise un capteur pour surveiller la position de rotation de l'arbre \u00e0 cames par rapport \u00e0 celle du vilebrequin. Cette information sera utilis\u00e9e pour modifier le calage de l'allumage et le fonctionnement de l'injecteur de carburant.<\/li>\n
  • Le capteur CAM, \u00e9galement appel\u00e9 capteur de position de l'arbre \u00e0 cames, est charg\u00e9 d'informer l'ECM de la position de l'arbre \u00e0 cames.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Le capteur de position de l'arbre \u00e0 cames collecte et communique au module de commande du moteur (ECM) les donn\u00e9es relatives \u00e0 la vitesse de rotation de l'arbre \u00e0 cames du v\u00e9hicule. Ces informations sont utilis\u00e9es par le module de commande du moteur pour d\u00e9terminer le calage de l'allumage ainsi que le calage de l'injection de carburant requis par le moteur. Sans ces informations, le moteur ne pourrait pas fonctionner efficacement.<\/p>\n

    <\/h2>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Principe de fonctionnement :<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Le fonctionnement d'un capteur de position d'arbre \u00e0 cames est moins complexe et peut \u00eatre facilement compris. Comme indiqu\u00e9 pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, le calculateur d'un syst\u00e8me d'injection s\u00e9quentielle de carburant doit d\u00e9cider quel cylindre doit \u00eatre allum\u00e9. Le capteur d'identification des cylindres fournit cette information. Lorsque le premier cylindre est au point mort haut pendant la rotation du moteur, le capteur envoie un signal au contr\u00f4leur embarqu\u00e9 (PMH).<\/p>\n

    Il est ainsi possible de calculer la dur\u00e9e de l'injection par impulsions. Dans les syst\u00e8mes d'injection simultan\u00e9e de carburant, le contr\u00f4leur embarqu\u00e9 n'identifie pas les cylindres ni la s\u00e9quence d'allumage, car cela n'est pas n\u00e9cessaire au fonctionnement du syst\u00e8me. Le cylindre exact est d\u00e9termin\u00e9 lorsqu'un signal d'allumage du vilebrequin ou de l'avance du distributeur arrive en d\u00e9tectant les emplacements m\u00e9caniques du vilebrequin, de l'arbre \u00e0 cames, des soupapes ou de l'arbre de distribution.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Sympt\u00f4mes courants d'un capteur de position d'arbre \u00e0 cames d\u00e9fectueux :<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    - Le voyant de contr\u00f4le du moteur est allum\u00e9<\/h3>\n

    - Probl\u00e8me d'allumage<\/h3>\n

    - Verrouillage du moteur<\/h3>\n

    - Mauvaise acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration<\/h3>\n

    - Probl\u00e8me de changement de vitesse<\/h3>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Senzori de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cu came \u2013 CAMSHAFT \u00a0 Un senzor de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cu came se g\u0103se\u0219te \u00een fiecare automobil modern.\u00a0Acest senzor este o component\u0103 esen\u021bial\u0103 a oric\u0103rei ma\u0219ini, deoarece asigur\u0103 func\u021bionarea corect\u0103 a motorului.\u00a0C\u00e2nd v\u0103 uita\u021bi sub capota ma\u0219inii, pute\u021bi avea probleme \u00een g\u0103sirea senzorului.\u00a0De obicei, fiecare produc\u0103tor de ma\u0219ini va avea loca\u021bia sa unic\u0103 pentru a pune senzorul l\u00e2ng\u0103 motor.\u00a0Poate fi g\u0103sit \u00een spatele chiulasei, \u00een valea de ridicare a vehiculului sau adiacent blocului motor.   Ce este un senzor de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cu came?   Senzorul de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cu came urm\u0103re\u0219te rota\u021bia arborelui cu came, concentr\u00e2ndu-se pe momentul c\u00e2nd supapele se deschid \u0219i se \u00eenchid.\u00a0Majoritatea senzorilor arborelui cu came se afl\u0103 chiar deasupra inelului crestat al arborelui cu came.\u00a0Majoritatea acestor senzori vor folosi un magnet pentru a genera sau modifica un semnal electric AC, care va fi utilizat \u00eempreun\u0103 cu un senzor de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit pentru a determina c\u00e2nd o pozi\u021bie se apropie de punctul mort superior (PMS) pe cursa de compresie.\u00a0Aceste date vor ajuta la reglarea fin\u0103 a temporiz\u0103rii sc\u00e2nteii \u0219i a pulsului injectorului.\u00a0Se mai nume\u0219te \u0219i senzor de identificare a cilindrului sau detector de faz\u0103. ECU dintr-un sistem de injec\u021bie secven\u0163ial\u0103 de combustibil trebuie s\u0103 decid\u0103 ce cilindru urmeaza s\u0103 aprind\u0103.\u00a0Senzorul de identificare a cilindrului ofer\u0103 aceste informa\u021bii.\u00a0Ori de c\u00e2te ori primul cilindru se afl\u0103 \u00een punctul mort superior \u00een timpul rota\u021biei motorului, senzorul transmite un semnal c\u0103tre controlerul de bord (TDC). Func\u021biile senzorului de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cu came (CAM):   Pentru a determina ce cilindru se afl\u0103 \u00een cursa de putere, computerul ma\u0219inii folose\u0219te un senzor pentru a monitoriza pozi\u021bia de rota\u021bie a arborelui cu came \u00een raport cu pozi\u021bia arborelui cotit.\u00a0Aceste informa\u021bii vor fi folosite pentru a modifica sincronizarea sc\u00e2nteii \u0219i func\u021bionarea injectorului de combustibil. Senzorul CAM, cunoscut \u0219i sub numele de senzor de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cu came, este responsabil pentru informarea ECM despre pozi\u021bia arborelui cu came.   Senzorul de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cu came colecteaz\u0103 \u0219i comunic\u0103 date despre viteza arborelui cu came a vehiculului c\u0103tre modulul de control al motorului (ECM).\u00a0Aceste informa\u021bii sunt utilizate de ECM pentru a determina momentul aprinderii, precum \u0219i momentul injec\u021biei de combustibil cerut de motor.\u00a0Motorul nu ar putea func\u021biona eficient f\u0103r\u0103 aceste informa\u021bii.   Principiul de func\u021bionare: \u00a0 Func\u021bionarea unui senzor de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cu came este mai pu\u021bin complex\u0103 \u0219i poate fi u\u0219or de \u00een\u021beles.\u00a0A\u0219a cum s-a spus mai devreme, ECU dintr-un sistem de injec\u021bie secven\u0163ial\u0103 de combustibil trebuie s\u0103 decid\u0103 ce cilindru urmeaza \u00a0s\u0103 aprind\u0103.\u00a0Senzorul de identificare a cilindrului ofer\u0103 aceste informa\u021bii.\u00a0Ori de c\u00e2te ori primul cilindru se afl\u0103 \u00een punctul mort superior \u00een timpul rota\u021biei motorului, senzorul transmite un semnal c\u0103tre controlerul de bord (TDC). Ca rezultat, durata inject\u0103rii pulsului poate fi calculat\u0103.\u00a0Controlerul de bord \u00een sistemele de injec\u021bie simultan\u0103 de combustibil nu identific\u0103 cilindrii sau secven\u021ba de ardere, deoarece nu este necesar pentru ca sistemul s\u0103 func\u021bioneze.\u00a0Cilindrul exact este determinat atunci c\u00e2nd un semnal de aprindere \u00een avans al arborelui cotit sau al distribuitorului vine prin detectarea loca\u021biilor mecanice ale arborelui cotit, arborelui cu came, supapelor sau arborelui distribuitor.     Simptome comune ale unui senzor de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cu came defect: \u00a0 \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lumina de verificare a motorului este aprins\u0103 \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Problema la aprindere \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Blocarea motorului \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Accelera\u021bie slab\u0103 \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Problem\u0103 la schimbarea vitezei    <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3303,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cu came \u2013 CAMSHAFT \u00a0 Un senzor de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cu came se g\u0103se\u0219te \u00een fiecare automobil modern.\u00a0Acest senzor este o component\u0103 esen\u021bial\u0103 a oric\u0103rei ma\u0219ini, deoarece asigur\u0103 func\u021bionarea corect\u0103 a motorului.\u00a0C\u00e2nd v\u0103 uita\u021bi sub capota ma\u0219inii, pute\u021bi avea probleme \u00een g\u0103sirea senzorului.\u00a0De obicei, fiecare produc\u0103tor de ma\u0219ini va\u2026","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3301","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3301"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3301\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3304,"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3301\/revisions\/3304"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3303"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3301"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3301"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3301"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}