{"id":3650,"date":"2023-04-09T07:25:28","date_gmt":"2023-04-09T05:25:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/?p=3650"},"modified":"2023-04-09T07:26:15","modified_gmt":"2023-04-09T05:26:15","slug":"senzor-vibrochen-ckp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/2023\/04\/09\/capteur-vibrochen-ckp\/","title":{"rendered":"Capteur de vibration CKP"},"content":{"rendered":"

Capteur de position du vilebrequin - VISSERIE<\/p>\n

Le capteur de position du vilebrequin mesure la vitesse de rotation (RPM) et la position pr\u00e9cise du vilebrequin du moteur.<\/p>\n

Sur certaines machines, le capteur est install\u00e9 pr\u00e8s de la poulie principale (\u00e9quilibreur harmonique).<\/p>\n

Dans d'autres voitures, le capteur peut \u00eatre install\u00e9 dans le carter de la transmission ou dans le bloc-cylindres du moteur. Dans la litt\u00e9rature technique, le capteur de position du vilebrequin est abr\u00e9g\u00e9 CKP.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Fonctionnement du capteur de position du vilebrequin<\/p>\n

Le capteur de position du vilebrequin est positionn\u00e9 de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 ce que les dents de l'anneau relucteur fix\u00e9 au vilebrequin passent \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 de l'extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 du capteur. La bague de reluquage a une ou plusieurs dents manquantes pour fournir \u00e0 l'ordinateur du moteur (PCM) le point de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence de la position du vilebrequin.<\/p>\n

Lorsque le vilebrequin tourne, le capteur produit un signal de tension puls\u00e9, chaque impulsion correspondant \u00e0 la dent de l'anneau du reluqueur.
\nLe PCM utilise le signal du capteur de position du vilebrequin pour d\u00e9terminer quand faire une \u00e9tincelle et dans quel cylindre. Le signal de position du vilebrequin est \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9 pour contr\u00f4ler si l'un des cylindres a des rat\u00e9s. Si le signal du capteur est manquant, il n'y aura pas d'\u00e9tincelle et les injecteurs de carburant ne fonctionneront pas.<\/p>\n

Les deux types les plus courants sont les capteurs magn\u00e9tiques \u00e0 bobine qui produisent une tension alternative et les capteurs \u00e0 effet Hall qui produisent un signal num\u00e9rique rectangulaire. Un capteur \u00e0 bobine a un connecteur \u00e0 deux broches. Le capteur \u00e0 effet Hall poss\u00e8de un connecteur \u00e0 trois broches (tension de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, masse et signal) - les machines modernes utilisent ce type de capteur.<\/p>\n

Sympt\u00f4mes d'un capteur de position du vilebrequin d\u00e9fectueux<\/p>\n

Un capteur d\u00e9fectueux peut provoquer des probl\u00e8mes intermittents : une voiture peut s'arr\u00eater ou se bloquer de mani\u00e8re al\u00e9atoire, puis red\u00e9marrer sans probl\u00e8me. Le moteur peut avoir du mal \u00e0 d\u00e9marrer par temps humide, mais red\u00e9marrer ensuite sans probl\u00e8me. Parfois, l'indicateur de r\u00e9gime se comporte de mani\u00e8re irr\u00e9guli\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

Dans certains cas, la d\u00e9faillance d'un capteur peut entra\u00eener un long d\u00e9lai avant le d\u00e9marrage du moteur.<\/p>\n

Probl\u00e8mes li\u00e9s au capteur de position du vilebrequin<\/p>\n

\"\"
\nLe code OBDII le plus courant li\u00e9 au capteur de position du vilebrequin est P0335 - Circuit \"A\". Sur certaines voitures (Mercedes-Benz, Nissan, Hyundai, Kia, par exemple), ce code est souvent d\u00fb \u00e0 un capteur d\u00e9fectueux, bien qu'il puisse y avoir d'autres raisons, telles que des probl\u00e8mes de c\u00e2blage ou de connecteur, une bague de reluquage endommag\u00e9e, etc. Par exemple, si les fils du capteur ne sont pas correctement fix\u00e9s, ils peuvent frotter contre une pi\u00e8ce m\u00e9tallique et provoquer un court-circuit, ce qui peut entra\u00eener un blocage intermittent.<\/p>\n

Le bulletin Chrysler 09-004-07 d\u00e9crit un probl\u00e8me sur certains mod\u00e8les Jeep et Chrysler 2005-2007 dans lequel un capteur de position du vilebrequin d\u00e9fectueux peut causer un probl\u00e8me de d\u00e9marrage. Le capteur devra \u00eatre remplac\u00e9 par une pi\u00e8ce mise \u00e0 jour pour corriger le probl\u00e8me.
\nUn autre bulletin Chrysler 18-024-10 pour certains v\u00e9hicules Chrysler, Dodge et Jeep 2008-2010 mentionne un probl\u00e8me o\u00f9 le code P0339 - Capteur de position du vilebrequin intermittent peut \u00eatre caus\u00e9 par un mauvais d\u00e9calage ou une mauvaise plaquette.<\/p>\n

Les d\u00e9faillances du capteur de position du vilebrequin \u00e9taient fr\u00e9quentes sur certaines voitures GM dans les ann\u00e9es 1990. L'un des sympt\u00f4mes \u00e9tait le calage du moteur lorsqu'il \u00e9tait chaud. Le remplacement du capteur de position du vilebrequin permettait g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement de r\u00e9soudre le probl\u00e8me.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Senzor de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit – CRANKSHAFT Senzorul de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit m\u0103soar\u0103 viteza de rota\u021bie (RPM) \u0219i pozi\u021bia precis\u0103 a arborelui cotit al motorului. F\u0103r\u0103 un senzor de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit motorul nu ar porni.La unele ma\u0219ini, senzorul este instalat aproape de scripetele principal (echilibrator armonic). La alte ma\u0219ini, senzorul ar putea fi instalat la carcasa\u00a0 transmisiei sau \u00een blocul cilindrilor motorului. \u00cen literatura tehnic\u0103, senzorul de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit este prescurtat CKP.   Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 senzorul de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit Senzorul de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit este pozi\u021bionat astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t din\u021bii de pe inelul reluctor ata\u0219at arborelui cotit s\u0103 treac\u0103 aproape de v\u00e2rful senzorului.\u00a0Inelul reluctor are unul sau mai mul\u021bi din\u021bi lips\u0103 pentru a furniza calculatorului motorului (PCM) punctul de referin\u021b\u0103 la pozi\u021bia arborelui cotit. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce arborele cotit se rote\u0219te, senzorul produce un semnal de tensiune \u00een impulsuri, \u00een care fiecare impuls corespunde dintelui de pe inelul reluctor. PCM folose\u0219te semnalul de la senzorul de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit pentru a determina cand s\u0103 produc\u0103 sc\u00e2nteia \u0219i \u00een ce cilindru.\u00a0Semnalul din pozi\u021bia arborelui cotit este, de asemenea, utilizat pentru a monitoriza dac\u0103 vreunul dintre cilindri se aprinde gresit.Dac\u0103 semnalul de la senzor lipse\u0219te, nu va exista nicio sc\u00e2nteie \u0219i injectoarele de combustibil nu vor func\u021biona. Cele mai comune dou\u0103 tipuri sunt senzorii magnetici cu o bobin\u0103 de captare care produc tensiune A\/C \u0219i senzorii cu efect Hall care produc un semnal digital de und\u0103 p\u0103trat\u0103. Un senzor de tip bobin\u0103 de preluare are un conector cu doi pini.\u00a0Senzorul cu efect Hall are un conector cu trei pini (tensiune de referin\u021b\u0103, mas\u0103 \u0219i semnal) – masinile moderne folosesc acest tip de senzor Simptomele unui senzor de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit defect Un senzor defect poate cauza probleme intermitente: o ma\u0219in\u0103 se poate opri sau bloca aleatoriu, dar apoi reporne\u0219te f\u0103r\u0103 probleme.\u00a0Motorul poate avea probleme la pornirea pe vreme umed\u0103, dar porne\u0219te bine dup\u0103.\u00a0Uneori s-ar putea s\u0103 vede\u021bi indicatorul RPM comport\u00e2ndu-se neregulat. \u00cen unele cazuri, o defec\u021biune a senzorului poate cauza un timp lung de declan\u0219are \u00eenainte de a porni motorul. Probleme la senzorul de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit Cel mai comun cod OBDII legat de senzorul de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit este\u00a0P0335 – Circuitul „A”.\u00a0La unele ma\u0219ini (de exemplu, Mercedes-Benz, Nissan, Hyundai, Kia) acest cod este adesea cauzat de un senzor defectat, de\u0219i ar putea exista \u0219i alte motive, cum ar fi probleme de cablare sau conector, inelul reluctor deteriorat etc. Blocarea intermitent\u0103 poate fi cauzat\u0103 \u0219i de o problem\u0103 cu cablajul senzorului de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit.\u00a0De exemplu, dac\u0103 firele senzorului nu sunt fixate corect, acestea se pot freca de o parte metalic\u0103 \u0219i se pot scurtcircuita, ceea ce poate cauza blocarea intermitent\u0103. Buletinul Chrysler 09-004-07 descrie o problem\u0103 la unele modele Jeep \u0219i Chrysler 2005-2007, \u00een care un senzor de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit defect poate cauza o problem\u0103 de pornire.\u00a0Senzorul va trebui \u00eenlocuit cu o pies\u0103 actualizat\u0103 pentru a corecta problema. Un alt buletin Chrysler 18-024-10 pentru unele vehicule Chrysler, Dodge \u0219i Jeep din 2008-2010 men\u021bioneaz\u0103 o problem\u0103 \u00een care codul P0339 – Senzor de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit intermitent poate fi cauzat de un decalaj necorespunz\u0103tor sau de o pl\u0103cu\u021b\u0103 necorespunz\u0103toare. Defec\u021biunile senzorului de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit erau frecvente la unele ma\u0219ini GM din anii ’90.\u00a0Unul dintre simptome era blocarea atunci c\u00e2nd motorul era fierbinte.\u00a0 \u00cenlocuirea senzorului de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit a rezolvat de obicei problema.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3653,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit – CRANKSHAFT Senzorul de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit m\u0103soar\u0103 viteza de rota\u021bie (RPM) \u0219i pozi\u021bia precis\u0103 a arborelui cotit al motorului. F\u0103r\u0103 un senzor de pozi\u021bie a arborelui cotit motorul nu ar porni.La unele ma\u0219ini, senzorul este instalat aproape de scripetele principal (echilibrator armonic). La alte ma\u0219ini, senzorul ar\u2026","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3650","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3650"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3650\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3652,"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3650\/revisions\/3652"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3653"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3650"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3650"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/automotivesolutions.ro\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3650"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}